The left side of the figure schematically shows how a series of two-dimensional scanning electron microscopy images of an ultrafine-grained Nd-Fe-B magnet were transformed into a three-dimensional ...

Spintronics -- based on the principles of electron charge and magnetic spin -- goes beyond the limits of conventional electronics. However, spintronic devices are yet to see advances, because ...

Researchers from Japan have discovered a unique Hall effect resulting from deflection of electrons due to "in-plane magnetization" of ferromagnetic oxide films (SrRuO 3). Arising from the spontaneous ...