Clock signals provide reference timing to every integrated circuit and electrical system. Consumer applications typically use simple quartz crystals for reference clock generation. Other applications, ...
Clock signals provide reference timing to every integrated circuit and electrical system. While consumer applications typically use simple quartz crystals for reference-clock generation, other ...
This is Part 1 of a three-part series. As modern wireless communications systems (mainly superheterodyne radio transceivers) are now required to deliver higher performance than ever before, they’re ...
In this article, the phase noise of a closed-loop, phase-locked loop (PLL) synthesizer is simulated using Agilent RF Design Environment (RFDE) and Advanced Design System (ADS) tools. The critical ...
The performance of analogue phase-locked loops (PLLs) has steadily improved with operating frequencies extending to 8GHz and beyond. Recently, digital PLLs based on direct digital synthesis (DDS) have ...