Deep learning is increasingly used in financial modeling, but its lack of transparency raises risks. Using the well-known Heston option pricing model as a benchmark, researchers show that global ...

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly prevalent, integrated into phone apps, search engines and social media platforms as well as supporting myriad research applications. Of particular interest ...

As an emerging technology in the field of artificial intelligence (AI), graph neural networks (GNNs) are deep learning models designed to process graph-structured data. Currently, GNNs are effective ...

Human inventions, namely engineered systems, have relied on fundamental discoveries in physics and mathematics, e.g., Maxwell’s equations, Quantum mechanics, Information theory, etc., thereby applying ...

• Leaf vein network geometry can predict levels of resource transport, defence and mechanical support that operate at different spatial scales. However, it is challenging to quantify network ...

As artificial intelligence continues to reshape multiple industries, many globally recognised AI certifications are now available for professionals in 2026.